[MATHS] Leonhard Euler, Königsberg bridge, Traversable Networks.

 

Leonhard Euler (pronounced Oiler) (15 April 1707 - 18 September 1783) was a swiss mathematician, physicist, and one of the founders of pure Mathematics. In 1720, he enrolled at University of Basel at age 13. 

He solved the Basel Problem in 1734 which earned him recognition in the mathematical world.

In 1737, he published Mechanica which describes the mathematics governing movement. In 1734, he released Introductio in Analysin Infinitorum which deals with the analysis and studying mathematical functions through infinite processes.

Euler died from a brain haemorrhage on 18 September 1783 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, aged 76. 

Bridges of Königsberg.

Mathematician Carl Gottlieb Ehler grew interested in the islands and bridges of Königsberg and asked: "Which route would allow someone to cross all seven bridges without crossing any of them more than once?"

Euler's solution:

Euler came up with a theory that applies to graphs with two or more nodes. An Eulerian path is only possible when:

1. When there are exactly two nodes of odd degree where one of the odd nodes is the starting point and the other is the endpoint.

2. All nodes are of even degree, the Eulerian path will start and end at the same location. This is also called the Eulerian circuit.

Traversable Networks

A network is traversable when we can find a route through the network along the edges and uses all the edges only once.

Rules for a Network to be traversable:

1. The network must be fully connected.

2. All vertices (nodes) are of even degree or there are exactly two nodes of odd degree and the rest are of even degree.

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[MATHS] Shapes and terminologies.

A shape is any plane figure with side and/or vertices.

A quadrilateral is a four-sided figure whose internal angles are 360 degrees. 

A square is a quadrilateral that has four equal sides and four equal angles. The diagonals of a square bisect each other and the opposite sides of the square are parallel.

A rectangle is a four-sided shape where the opposite sides are parallel and of equal length.  The diagonals of the rectangle also bisect each other. 

A parallelogram is a quadrilateral where both pairs of opposite sides are equal. Its opposite sides and angles are congruent. Each diagonal of a parallelogram separates into two congruent triangles. A parallelogram is a convex polygon (interior angles less than 180 degrees.)

A rhombus has four equal sides, the diagonals of the square are perpendicular and bisect the opposite angles. Its vertices are not 90 degrees. The rhombus is not a cyclic quadrilateral (vertices lie on a single circle.)

PROPERTIES OF QUADRILATERALS:

1. Opposite sides are equal.

2. Opposite sides are parallel.

3. Opposite angles are equal.

4. Sum of two adjacent angles is 180 degrees.

5. Diagonals bisect each other.

[ESOL] 2020 Reflection

The first few weeks of school have been quite rough for me because my mental and physical health deteriorated. During my break in school, I always think about how am I going to catch up with my tasks in school and how am I going to prepare myself for my upcoming assessments. On days I am able to complete the whole school day, I would always do the task as much as I can but I know it would somehow be not enough. I know that I should strive better when my health is in good condition, and do what I can when my health hinders me to do so much work. Right now, I want to do whatever I can to catch up and so far my performances have been okay. I still hope for recovery physically and mentally!

[ESOL] Goals for 2020.

My goals from 2019 haven't changed a bit and are still the same goals I want to aim for this year.

Academically, I want to learn more and encounter my weaknesses in different fields. I want to take care more of myself to be healthier when it comes to practical work such as music and drama. I want to be more mentally prepared for my assessments and stay calm in every situation. I also want to learn about failing, I want to learn more from my mistakes and use them to improve my strategies, academically and in real life. I also hope for mental recovery. 

[ESOL] Matariki - Short Reading Response

Title of Book: Matariki

Author: Waitangi Teepa

Genre/Text Type: Informative

Date Read: 19th February 2020

This text was about Matariki, a group of seven stars. Matariki is also the alternative name for the
Maori New Year. 

I chose to read this text because I am very interested in astrology. It also gives me more information about
Maori culture.

One interesting feature was how the stars appear for most of the year but disappear in late Aprils and
return somewhere between May and June.

A quote/evidence that shows this is “You can see the stars of Matariki for most of the year, but they
disappear in the night sky of Aotearoa in Late April. The stars appear again in winter (in late May or early
June). This means that the star of Matariki disappears for a short while and appears again in winter.
Matariki is also the time where we cherish our time with our loved ones and leave everything that hurts and
burdens us behind.

This interests me because there is astrology to explain how the stars of Matariki disappear and appear for a
particular time. It also shows how we all connect to each other and learn moral values as this event passes.

I can relate to the main characters' ways of celebrating Matariki by being with my own family and reflect on my own actions as a person. I fully relate because I was raised family-oriented and being good and forgiving because we are all capable of doing wrong.

The characters remind me of everyone who is with their families, physically or not. We are all connected with each other through our values, beliefs, and similarities. We also share a culture that everyone has a tradition of celebrating or following.

Hopelessly Devoted to You - Music Solo Performance Evaluation

I really enjoy music ever since I first held a microphone as a kid, it played a very big role in my life and in my family! This year's music class is one of my favourite subjects because this class helps me develop myself as a musician and a student. The classroom just casually became my natural habitat, I didn't mind showing what I really and what potentials I can show in terms of music. The performances I've delivered two times this year helped me develop my skills more and had a little realisation about my own abilities.
For my first solo performance, I performed Hopeless Devoted To You by Olivia Newton-John from Grease. This piece was recommended by my itinerant vocal teacher, Barb. I haven't watched the musical but this song is one of my grandmum's favourite songs and the lyrics of the songs was something I used to relate to, being hopelessly devoted to someone I didn't have, someone who had me deciding whether to continue admiring them or to just give it up. It was a fond memory of mine, so it helped me to deliver the song well.
There were a few struggles while during practice. The song was familiar to me but I never got to listen to it as a whole. Memorising the lyrics took me a while because I had so many things to do that I didn't have enough time to know the whole words. The technique I used to deliver the song was a bit... off. Barb had pointed out some of my weak points in singing and she helped me to improve those areas which were successful after a few sessions of practices.  I used to think that being a good singer was all about having powerful performances, having a strong stage presence and ability to reach very high notes. In my case, it became a mindset to me which didn't help me improve at all. Hearing the same feedback about my singing being strong used to give me a confidence boost because of that wrong mindset I've sunk in my brain. That changed when we had our practice performance and read Mr Sloan's feedback.  It made me realised that even a few practices, I still perform but having difficulties enjoying the actual performance. It had me thinking that I perform because I want to achieve a certain technique, but not finding myself in the song even though it was a song that helped me relate to someone and myself in the past.  I'm thankful for Mr Sloan for his honest feedback because it was something I've been looking for in my past performances other than hearing the same response over again. After that, I want more honest feedback and point out my weaknesses because I know it will help me to become a better singer. I would also like to thank Barb for helping me to improve and I'm still improving so I'm becoming more welcome to receive more honest criticisms!
I got excellence for this performance and I felt relieved because the reflections I've made and the help from my teachers' efforts to help me were all paid off. This performance really helped me to find what were the things I lacked and still lacking. It was really worth it after all the hard work.
I don't really have songs to choose yet because I'm thinking of a concept of songs that are different from the songs I usually sing. It's better to keep it a secret first because who knows? I might surprise you next time. :)

ORIGINAL PIECE:

MR. SLOAN'S FEEDBACK!

PERFORMANCE LINK: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dQ2kM-PeDYAZBTYJr52yUgTep5_-jjOo/view

The South Island Robin research reflection.

I started to do my research on Monday in preparation for my research reflection in ESOL.

I've looked at two websites to gather information about the South Island Robin, Notornis and Nzbirdsonline. I found out that the South Island Robin is a native bird in New Zealand with the size of a sparrow, they are 18 centimetres in length and 35 grams in weight. They have a few differences in their appearances by gender: the male robin is a dark-grey black over their head, neck, mantle and upper chest. Their flight feathers are brownish black.  Their lower chests and bellies' colour is white to yellow with a sharp differentiation between black and white on the chest part. Meanwhile, the females are light to grey in the upper body. Their bellies and chest area are smaller, having less distinction between grey and white feathering.
They use specific hunting methods at different times of the year. They use scanning, hawking (hunt on the wing for food) and flycatching (the method of catching flies) during late November and December. They use hawking and flycatching during January to mid-March and hawking during the late summer. During this part of the research, it was my first time encountering the words hawking and flycatching.
The robins live in mature forests, scrubs and exotic plantations. They also prefer moist areas with plants growing underneath forest canopies.
South Island Robins are monogamous, having only one partner in breeding. Their breeding seasons starts from July to March and they lay their eggs from July to December.
They are decreasing in population due to predators like rats, stoats and feral cats and loss of habitat. The robins have been tried to translocate where there are no predators, the translocation caused the inbreeding, cause problems to reproduction and have genetical consequences.

Willowbank Wildlife Reserve

 It was the 4th of June; we, the students of 11 ESOL went to the Willowbank Wildlife Resort to prepare for our reading assessment.

After our first period class, we went to our classroom in B-block to assemble. Miss Briggs started a headcount to check our attendance and we made our way to Willowbank.
Upon arriving, we were divided in three groups with different teachers leading us, our group went inside and saw the eels. After that, we went to the deer yard where the fallow deer are, we saw some swans on our way.
Next, we saw different birds; the geese, pukeko and the emus and shortly after we went to see the wallabies and many more animals.
We all met in one place after that, we went inside the kea enclosure to study about the kea. We met Rachel who taught us what the keas are, what they eat and about their peaking orders. Some keas even flew and rested on top of my classmates' heads. Afterwards, we went to the nocturnal house to see the kiwis, we gathered in one spot because we saw two walking. They look really small.

We all finished our tour by answering the questions in our booklet, we went around more time and spent the rest of our time in the cafe to eat and answer. The bus arrived and we all went back feeling very satisfied with our trip.

The Kea

   The Kea is a type of parrot found in the South Island of New Zealand. They are known for being one of the most intelligent birds.

 Their name was based on their in-flight call "Keee ah." Keas are medium fast flyers, they fly 40 kilometres per hour. They weigh 800 grams but they can lift more than a kilogram. Their lifespans differ depending on their environment and lifestyle. Keas living in the wild live from approximately 5 to 25 years, keas living in captivity can live up to 50 years.
   No one knows why they are intelligent, it can somehow be explained because they are part of the parrot genealogy. They test things with their beak and they are the most aggressive when they are being fed. Keas don't hunt for food however they are after bugs.
  Males keas act tough on other males and they like to play with female keas. They don't migrate to other countries, they usually live in the lower part of the South Island mountains. Their natural predators are hawks.

solo performance research.

Group Performance Evaluation

Shareable link: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1jcvdxBB2K22QLqD2WHGpvzN-Q6gICU6f
- What was your given grade? Were you happy with it?
  My group's grade is still on moderation, but in my very honest opinion, I might get merit.
- What were the challenges of working in a group?
  I am a person who would prefer working solo because I don't really think that there is something I could contribute other than my voice. We also had a hard time picking for a song, the song we have performed wasn't the song we had originally planned and I just agreed because they just started working on it. As the vocalist, I had a hard time trying to feel the song due to some personal experience.
- What did you enjoy most about this task?
  We didn't really stress much about this performance but that didn't mean we didn't dedicate ourselves to this performance. I also enjoyed how I learned a bit about working in a group. I also liked how the stage was set up during the performances in the auditorium.

soundtrack of my life.

Group Performance Blog

1. Song Choice

 Our song of choice is Say You Won't Let Go by James Arthur, this song is one of our three options that would be suitable for a performance group of three.

2. Person working with

 I will be working on the vocal, Mathyis will work on the piano and Josiah will be on the guitar tabs.

3. Meaning and Composers 

Arthur personally said that "it literally relates to a lot of people as it tells a story." he also said, "The inspiration was to look at someone's life and the path through it with a partner. Some of it is personal and some of it is inspired by people around me as well as imagining what life is in the other peoples' relationships."

The song was written by James Arthur himself, along with Neil Ormandy and Steve Solomon.

18 February 2019

- We had a few conflicts with our choice of song, I am a vocalist who is struggling with the lower notes. Arthur's song is a bit low for my range and I think trying to adjust to the song's pitch would ruin the song overall. The two have decided to transpose the range higher that would fit for my range.

- For this week, I want us to have progress on the instrumental of the song in terms of transposing it. It's a bit difficult for Mathyis but we will work hard on that. 

English Learning Goals

For this school year 2019, I've made a list of goals for the whole year as time progresses.
I'm aiming to improve my spelling and vocabulary in terms of writing. I also hope that I'll be able to improve more in my writing skills.
I also want to improve in speaking, I want to be able to speak in front of an audience without feeling scared.
I also want to open myself more to more topics for the year and I want to explore more about myself as a try to aim for improvement and excellence.

annotations

Places in books.

 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE, ENGLAND

Sons and Lovers by D.H. Lawrence

D.H. Lawrence was born in Eastwood, Nottinghamshire, and based many of his autobiographical novels, including Sons and Lovers, on his experiences here and in nearby towns. He went to school in Nottingham, and worked as a clerk in a factory that created surgical appliances, an experience that he also related in the novel.

From the book: “She looked at her roses. They were white, some incurved and holy, others expanded in an ecstacy. The tree was dark as a shadow. She lifted her hand impulsively to the flowers; she went forward and touched them in worship.”

______

And there she looked around to see many more of the flowers that had seemed to be in shame with her face more beautiful than there are. The beauty she had obtained is incomparable to any flower in the field. She knelt down, placed her hands together and looked up in agony with the sky so gloomy and looked like it was about to cry. Her loneliness has been lingering just like her beauty, and she still can't seem to comprehend why was she all by herself. The skies looked like it's about to take her, and looked like she's obliged to the skies' request to be part of its beauty. And she knows it dearly. She has prayed to the entity above, telling Him her woes; telling Him how her beauty gave her loneliness.

similes and metaphors in songs.

LENKA - EVERYTHING AT ONCE

As sly as a fox, as strong as an ox
As fast as a hare, as brave as a bear
As free as a bird, as neat as a word
As quiet as a mouse, as big as a house

All I wanna be, all I wanna be, oh
All I wanna be is everything

As mean as a wolf, as sharp as a tooth
As deep as a bite, as dark as the night
As sweet as a song, as right as a wrong
As long as a road, as ugly as a toad

As pretty as a picture hanging from a fixture
Strong like a family, strong as I wanna be
Bright as day, as light as play
As hard as nails, as grand as a whale

All I wanna be, all I wanna be, oh
All I wanna be is everything

As warm as the sun, as silly as fun
As cool as a tree, as scary as the sea
As hot as fire, cold as ice
Sweet as sugar and everything nice

As old as time, as straight as a line
As royal as a queen, as buzzed as a bee
Stealth as a tiger, smooth as a glider
Pure as a melody, pure as I wanna be

All I wanna be, all I wanna be, oh
All I wanna be is everything at once

EVERYTIME WE TOUCH - CASCADA

Your arms are my castle, your heart is my sky
They wipe away tears that I cry
The good and the bad times we've been through them all
You make me rise when I fall

'Cause every time we touch, I get this feeling
And every time we kiss I swear I could fly
Can't you feel my heart beat fast, I want this to last
Need you by my side

'Cause every time we touch, I feel the static
And every time we kiss I reach for the sky
Can't you hear my heart beat so I can't let you go
Want you in my life

_________

SIMILES - is a language feature where a subject is compared to another object. This is used to compare an object in a more interesting way. The subject must be followed by the words "as" or "like" otherwise it won't be considered as a simile.

METAPHOR - is another language feature where one is described and sometimes compared in a non-literal way. 

AMER1C9N HI2T0RY - passion project 2018

Bugsy Malone was set in New York 1920s where gangs are relevant in society. The ambience of an American city back in the 1920s is busy yet calm. 1920 infrastructure already comprised of improved standards in residential homes and also the proliferation of the skyscrapers for commercial buildings.
It was during the 1920s the politicians of the industry wanted to upgrade the low-cost housing standards and make it more affordable.

 The 1920s had a well-known set of fashion designer namely: Gabrielle Chanelle, Jean Lanvin, Jean Patou and etc., the 1920s trends were more on drop waist dresses. with a loose f7it, mary jane heels and bobbed haircuts. Muted and pastel palettes were very popular in that era and women didn't go out showing their bare legs, they wear stockings especially when they're in their flapper costumes. Men had always worn a suit, only with different collars during occasions. The suits are mostly made of wool, and jackets are either single or double breasted. Men's pants had always been high waist with a flat front, and usually narrowly fit in the early 1920s. It's also usually held up with suspenders. 1920s shirts were also sewn in vertical stripes with a mixture of colours. Most of the shirts either had attached collars or had a detachable one.

In the 1920s, women are already allowed to vote and have a stable career for themselves. This era has been called as the roaring twenties because of economic prosperity, social, artistic, and cultural dynamism. The women were given the name of "flappers" meaning women were bolder and had more freedom in the clothing and mannerisms. Marriage was also a priority for most people, yet family life had few children. There was a job in the 1920s where individuals are called "knocker uppers" whose job is to wake up other workers. For women, seamstressing is a job where you put up together flappers for female partygoers.


In the 1920s, the Americans received more disposable income for their entertainment. Movie and sports became more popular during this decade. Moving pictures or cinema became a big part of the early decade. During the 1920s, radios have already been a common feature in American homes. Audiences enjoyed team sports, mainly baseball. Children also enjoyed a variety of activities such as checkers, jacks, and dominoes. Girls played with toy sewing machines and Raggedy Ann dolls. Wind up toys and tinkertoys were also popular back then.

music - performing arts

What has been your favourite project this year and why?
- I haven't been in this school for a while, so I haven't done many projects. This music performance, was my first performance so I hope I did well with it.

What have you found challenging about music this year?
- As mentioned, I haven't been here for a long time. Being able to perform this term was my first time and I think the challenging part about it singing in front of the audience. Not that I haven't performed in front, but I haven't sung with an audience for a little while now.

 What advice would you give to the Year 10 students 2019?
- If you're taking music, you better be sure that you joined in this class because it is your passion. Even if it is not your passion, but at least have the determination to at least learn one piece in the class. The music industry is beautiful, it's not bad to give this phase a shot.

Goals for 2019.
- Better vocal and breathing techniques, fight stage fright and hopefully have more opportunities to perform.

music performance evaluation.

What did you perform?
 - I performed Liza Soberano's Spark with a guitar.

With who? on your own?
- I performed on my own.

Why did you choose that performance?
- I've been singing that song for two years now, it holds a sentimental value whenever I sing it. It wasn't because of the lyrics but because it was a song used as my former class' presentation for our prom night in ninth grade (or year 9 here). We had a very strong bond, so this song means a lot to me and I performed it because I can sing it with enough emotions needed for that song.

Were you happy with your performance? Why?
 - In all honesty, I wasn't. For a little while now I've noticed how fragile my voice becomes whenever I sing in front of a number of people. Back in ninth grade, I lost my confidence in reaching high notes because my voiced cracked during the singing contest. After that, my technique hasn't gotten any better and whenever I try to sing in front of an audience, my voice gets weak. I didn't like this performance because I've gotten unstable during the middle part and how bad my sustain is due probably because of my wrong breathing technique.

If you could perform again, what would you change?
- I would love to perform with a better vocal and breathing technique. I've been tensing and straining a lot so I would love to improve those parts.